One marketing need. Multiple leading AI platforms. One transparent consensus. How it works
AI MarketingConsensus Index

AI Consensus Fit Review

Profound AI SEO Tool Fit Review for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis

Profound is a good — not unequivocally strong — fit for AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis.

Research: 2026-09-197 usable platform responsesRead the methodology ↗

Answer Capsule

Profound is a good — not unequivocally strong — fit for AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis. Six of seven platforms named Profound during ranking discovery, and it ranked first on five of them. Its strongest verified advantage is structured competitor citation intelligence: cited-URL tracking, citation-share benchmarking, and prompt-level gap identification across AI answer engines [1]. The main limitation is commercial opacity: current official pricing publicly shows only a free Trial and custom-priced Enterprise, while independent reports describe Starter at $99/month and Growth at $399/month with conflicting engine and prompt limits [3]. One platform could not verify Profound's features at all and rated fit uncertain [6].

Research Snapshot

FieldValue
Platform mentions in ranking stage6 of 7 configured platforms (anthropic, deepseek, google, grok, openai, perplexity)
Share of included platform responses85.7%
Average listed rank1.17
Best listed rank1
Relevant product/model/planProfound Answer Engine Insights; Growth plan ($399/month annual billing, per independent reports) or Enterprise for broad engine coverage
Overall use-case fitStrong (1 platform); Good (5 platforms); Uncertain (1 platform) — 7 platforms analyzed
Research date2026-09-19

Why Profound Qualified for This Study

Questions This Section Answers

  • Is Profound a good choice for AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis?
  • How many AI platforms named Profound in the ranking stage for competitor citation analysis?

Profound qualified because it was named by six of the seven configured platforms during ranking discovery, with an average listed rank of 1.17 and a best rank of 1. It was the top-ranked entity in this category.

The platform-level ranks were: anthropic 1, deepseek 1, grok 1, openai 1, perplexity 1, and google 2. Kimi did not name Profound in the ranking stage and later reported that it could not verify Profound's features, pricing, or capabilities from any retrieved source [7].

Qualification is not the same as verification. The ranking stage is discovery; the fit-research stage is where platforms examined evidence. Five platforms rated Profound a "good" fit, one rated it "strong," and one rated it "uncertain." No platform rated it a poor fit.

The Product, Model, Plan, or Service Most Relevant to AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis

Questions This Section Answers

  • Which Profound plan should a buyer choose for multi-engine competitor citation tracking?
  • Does Profound's Growth plan cover enough AI engines for competitor citation and content analysis?

The relevant product is Profound's Answer Engine Insights, sold through paid tiers. Platforms most often pointed to the Growth plan as the practical starting point for this use case, with Enterprise required for broad engine coverage and larger teams [8].

Profound states that Answer Engine Insights analyzes how a brand and its competitors appear in AI platforms and measures citations, sentiment, ranking, and competitive presence in generated responses [10]. Company materials describe competitor identification based on who wins AI citations, with include/exclude controls to surface unexpected challengers [11].

The citation-analysis product surfaces the exact cited URL — not just the hostname — showing which specific pages on a brand's site or a competitor's site are selected for citation [13]. Citation data exports as CSV or JSON [14].

Plan identity is genuinely unclear. The current official pricing page publicly presents a free Trial and custom-priced Enterprise [10]. Independent 2026 reports describe Starter at $99/month and Growth at $399/month [15]. One platform's ranking-stage output emphasized Starter, Growth, and Enterprise, while its own fit research flagged that the status of Growth and Starter is unclear against the current official page [10]. Buyers should treat plan names as unconfirmed until the vendor states them in writing.

What the AI Platforms Agreed About

Questions This Section Answers

  • What do AI platforms agree Profound does well for competitor citation and content analysis?
  • Is Profound's citation tracking strong enough to identify which competitor pages AI systems cite?

Platforms broadly agreed on four capabilities, though the strength of the underlying evidence varies.

Citation intelligence is the core strength. Profound tracks competitor performance across AI search by topic, prompt, and platform [17]. It measures visibility rank, citation share, and competitor performance across ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Google AI Overviews in one view [18]. Independent reviewers describe it as one of the most sophisticated options for tracking brand mentions, competitor positioning, and citation context [19].

Source mapping reaches page level. For each AI answer that cites a source, Profound shows the cited URL, helping identify which specific pages are selected for citation and why [20]. One independent review describes source analysis revealing the content formats, page types, and topics that win AI citations [21].

Content-gap identification is tied to AI answer data. Prompt-level competitive insights show the precise queries where competitors outrank a brand, indicating which pages to optimize, which topics lack coverage, and where new content has the highest competitive impact [22]. A head-to-head feature compares a page directly against the winning competitor page for a given prompt and delivers recommendations on answerability and structure [23].

Data scale is large. Profound's analysis covers roughly 12 billion AI citations across 29 industries and 8 LLMs [24], and independent coverage credits it with 1.5B+ analyzed prompts [25]. These figures are vendor-derived or vendor-reported through third parties; no independent audit of citation accuracy was located [26].

Where the AI Platforms Disagreed or Were Uncertain

Questions This Section Answers

  • Why do AI platforms disagree about Profound's current pricing and plan names?
  • Is Profound's content-gap prioritization automated or does it still require analyst work?

Disagreement clustered around pricing, plan structure, engine counts, and how much of the workflow Profound actually automates.

Pricing and plan identity conflict. The current official pricing page publicly shows a free Trial and custom-priced Enterprise, not a public Growth price [27]. Independent reports place Starter at $99/month and Growth at $399/month with annual billing [28]. One platform's research explicitly flagged that these independent figures conflict with the current official page and should not be treated as the current contract offer [32]. One independent source discloses that it operates a competing GEO product [33].

Engine counts vary. Reports describe Growth covering three engines and Enterprise covering anywhere from 9 to 11 surfaces [34]. One platform noted the exact Enterprise engine count varies across reviews and should be treated as an estimate [37].

Automation depth is unclear. Profound markets gap identification where competitors win citations and the brand does not [38]. Independent reviews note that insights still require external prioritization and that the platform surfaces what is happening without automatically ranking which gaps to close first based on business impact [39]. One platform's research could not establish that content gaps are ranked by a reproducible evidence model combining competitor citations, query demand, business impact, and content feasibility [27].

One platform could not verify anything. Kimi reported that no source directly retrieved from Profound's site documented its features, pricing, or capabilities for this use case, and rated fit uncertain [41]. This is a verification gap, not evidence of absence.

Domain identity is unresolved. The official website supplied by the ranking stage, [42], was reported as redirecting to a parked-domain page in one platform's research, while the product pricing page is hosted at tryprofound.com [27]. The deterministic identity audit retained the reported domain but marked it unverified and noted that official-site retrieval failed.

Use-Case-Specific Features and Capabilities

Questions This Section Answers

  • Does Profound support page-level source mapping and citation architecture analysis?
  • How many AI engines does Profound track for competitor citation analysis at each plan tier?

Competitor citation intelligence — advantage. Profound identifies competitors based on who wins AI citations and provides flexible include/exclude controls [43]. Citation share is compared against competitors by platform, topic, and prompt [45]. A Citation Share chart shows day-over-day changes across tracked prompts alongside a rankings table comparing the brand to competitors [46].

Source mapping and citation architecture — advantage, with documentation gaps. Page-level cited URLs are surfaced [47]. Independent reviewers describe source analysis revealing winning content formats and page types [48]. However, public materials do not clearly document the depth of source clustering, citation architecture analysis, or exportable source-level content-gap workflows [49].

Content-gap analysis — advantage, with prioritization caveats. Prompt-level insights identify where competitors outrank the brand [50]. Head-to-head page comparison delivers specific optimization recommendations [51]. Independent reviewers describe this gap analysis as one of the most actionable outputs of AI citation tools [52]. The caveat: prioritization logic is not publicly documented [49].

Answer-engine coverage — tier-gated. The current Enterprise page lists capability for ChatGPT, Perplexity, Google AI Mode, Google Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, DeepSeek, Anthropic Claude, Google AI Overviews, and Exa Search, with up to nine answer engines tracked [49]. Independent reports describe Growth covering three engines — ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Google AI Overviews — with Claude, Gemini, Grok, and Copilot requiring Enterprise [53]. One independent review lists 11 AI surfaces including Meta AI and Amazon Rufus [55]. These counts conflict and should be verified.

Prompt and monitoring controls — tier-gated. Enterprise supports custom prompt tracking and daily tracking; Trial provides 10 recommended prompts, one run, and no prompt customization [49]. Independent reports describe Starter at 50 prompts and Growth at 100 prompts [56].

Reporting and integration — tier-gated. Enterprise lists all-time history, CSV and JSON exports, API access, unlimited seats, and optional dedicated support; Trial lists no history, exports, API, or support [49]. G2 reviewers note that the most impactful features, such as historical data and API access, are gated behind enterprise-tier plans [58].

Workflow automation — available, cost unclear. Profound Agents is a no-code workflow automation feature using a drag-and-drop builder and pre-built templates to automate content research, AEO content creation, content optimization, competitive analysis, and CMS publishing [59]. AI Marketer and Agent usage consumes credits, and overage may be billed or usage may pause depending on account configuration [49].

Pricing, Fees, Contracts, and Ongoing Costs

Questions This Section Answers

  • How much does Profound cost per month, and is annual billing required?
  • What extra fees should a buyer expect beyond Profound's base subscription?

Pricing is the least settled part of this evaluation. The current official pricing page publicly shows a free Trial and custom-priced Enterprise rather than a current public Growth price [61]. Trial is limited to 10 prompts run once on ChatGPT, with no history, exports, API, or support [61].

Independent 2026 reports describe a different structure:

PlanReported priceReported coverageSource
Starter$99/month ($1,188/year)ChatGPT only, 50 prompts, 1 seat
Growth$399/month ($4,788/year)3 engines, 100 prompts, 3 seats
EnterpriseCustom quote9–11 engines, API, SSO, higher limits

Annual billing is reported as the only self-serve option, with no month-to-month flexibility [62]. A 7-day free trial of the Growth plan is reported [62]. One platform's research estimated Enterprise at $2,000–$5,000+/month, but this is an estimate, not a published price [64].

Additional reported fees include agency client workspaces at $399/month each, five trial workspaces at $199/month, and additional pitch workspaces at $10/month [62]. AI Marketer and Agent usage is credit-based, and additional prompt, agent, engine, region, language, support, or integration requirements may affect the quoted Enterprise price [61].

Contract terms are not publicly specified. Public materials reviewed do not specify minimum commitment, renewal, cancellation, refund, or annual prepayment terms for Enterprise [61]. One platform reported pricing confidence as low because no verified public pricing was obtained [66].

Best Suited For

Questions This Section Answers

  • Which types of companies get the most value from Profound for competitor citation analysis?
  • Is Profound worth it for enterprise teams tracking competitor citations across multiple AI engines?

Profound is best suited to enterprise and mid-market SEO, content, PR, and brand teams measuring competitor visibility and cited sources across multiple AI answer engines [67]. It fits companies that need recurring prompt tracking, citation analysis, competitive presence reporting, exports, API access, and dedicated support [67].

It also fits teams building content strategy from citation and source evidence rather than classic blue-link rankings [68], and organizations where AI visibility is a board-level metric or a direct competitive threat [69].

Independent reviewers describe Profound as a feature-rich tool that produces substantial AI search insight at an enterprise-level cost [70]. One independent ranking of competitor analysis tools for AI search places Profound at the top for AI-search competitive intelligence [71].

Probably Not Best Suited For

Questions This Section Answers

  • Who should not choose Profound for competitor citation and content analysis?
  • Is Profound a poor fit for small teams with limited AI SEO budgets?

Profound is probably not the best fit for small teams needing inexpensive multi-engine monitoring [72]. Independent sources place cheaper alternatives at $29–$189/month [73].

It is also a weak fit for buyers requiring transparent, stable plan limits and pricing before procurement [72]. The current official page does not publish a fixed subscription amount for Enterprise, and independent plan reports conflict with it [72].

Organizations primarily seeking traditional keyword, backlink, or on-page content optimization rather than AI-answer visibility intelligence should look elsewhere [72]. Teams needing traditional SEO and AI tools in one stack are directed toward consolidated suites [73].

Lean teams without analyst capacity to prioritize insights may struggle, because the platform surfaces what is happening without automatically ranking which gaps to close first [75]. Buyers who need published pricing for Claude, Gemini, and full-engine coverage must go through an Enterprise sales conversation [77].

When Another Option May Be Better

Questions This Section Answers

  • What is a better alternative to Profound for a buyer who needs cheaper multi-engine citation tracking?
  • When is a traditional SEO suite a better choice than Profound for competitor content analysis?

Consider alternatives in these situations:

Budget under $5K/year. Independent sources name Otterly.AI ($29–$189/month, four engines at standard tier) and Peec AI (€89–€499/month) as comparable multi-engine citation tracking at lower cost [78].

Need SEO and AI tools in one interface. Semrush (AI Visibility Toolkit), Ahrefs (Brand Radar), or SE Ranking bundle traditional SEO and AI visibility, though AI depth may be shallower [78].

Execution velocity matters more than data depth. Frase ($39/month) or Writesonic pair AI tracking with integrated content drafting and publishing; Profound requires separate content creation workflows [78].

Need broad agent-level bot detection and traffic impact. Scrunch includes agent crawl control and traffic-to-AI-bot correlation; Profound's Agent Analytics requires Enterprise tier [78].

Need published, self-serve pricing and a low-commitment trial. A freemium or transparently priced AEO tool may fit better [79].

Need third-party-audited measurement methodology. No independent audit of Profound's citation accuracy was located [80].

Need classic SERP rank tracking. Profound is not positioned for traditional keyword rank tracking [79].

Questions to Verify Before Buying

Questions This Section Answers

  • What should a buyer confirm with Profound before signing a contract?
  • Which plan, engine coverage, and export capabilities must be confirmed in writing before purchase?

The platforms converged on a similar verification list. Buyers should confirm:

  1. Which exact plan is currently available to a U.S. company: Trial, Starter, Growth, Enterprise, or another package [81].
  2. The complete monthly or annual price, minimum term, renewal language, cancellation window, refund policy, and implementation fee [81].
  3. How many prompts, engines, regions, languages, brands, domains, competitors, and historical months are included in the quote [81].
  4. Whether citations are available as normalized source URLs with page-level mapping, competitor comparison, deduplication, and CSV/API export [81].
  5. Whether the system identifies content gaps and prioritizes them using measurable evidence from cited competitor pages and AI-generated answers [81].
  6. How prompt variations, personalization, location, model updates, answer volatility, and unavailable answers are handled [81].
  7. AI Marketer credit rates, included credits, overage prices, and pause-versus-billing rules [81].
  8. Whether Google AI Overviews, Google AI Mode, ChatGPT, Perplexity, Gemini, Copilot, Claude, DeepSeek, and Exa are all included in the quoted package or only as optional coverage [81].
  9. Data-retention, security, SSO/SAML, SOC 2 scope, API-rate-limit, and support-SLA terms [81].
  10. Whether Profound will run a representative trial or proof of concept using the buyer's prompts, competitors, markets, and citation-source taxonomy [81].
  11. Whether Growth's three-engine coverage includes Google AI Mode or whether that is Enterprise-only, since pricing sources conflict [82].
  12. Whether head-to-head page comparison recommendations are available in the base Growth plan or only through Profound Agents [83].

Final AI Consensus Verdict

Profound is a good fit for AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis, with one platform rating it strong and one unable to verify it at all. Six of seven platforms named it in ranking discovery, and it ranked first on five of them.

The consensus case for Profound rests on citation intelligence: page-level cited-URL tracking, citation-share benchmarking against competitors, prompt-level gap identification, and multi-engine coverage at higher tiers [85]. Independent reviewers describe it as best-in-class for citation intelligence and competitor benchmarking [89].

The consensus case against unconditional recommendation rests on commercial opacity and workflow gaps. Current official pricing publicly shows only Trial and Enterprise, while independent reports describe Starter and Growth at prices that conflict with it [88]. Engine coverage is tier-gated, with Claude, Gemini, Grok, and Copilot requiring Enterprise [92]. Content-gap prioritization is not publicly documented as an automated, reproducible model [88]. No independent evidence establishes that Profound's recommendations produce superior rankings, citations, conversions, or revenue [88].

Buyers with enterprise budgets, dedicated AEO ownership, and capacity to act on citation findings should find Profound relevant. Buyers needing transparent self-serve pricing, monthly billing flexibility, or independently audited accuracy should evaluate alternatives first. For the broader field, see the AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis consensus index, and for related tooling across the wider ai seo content optimization category directory.

How This Review Was Produced

This review aggregates fit-research responses from seven AI platforms, each evaluating Profound against the same use case: AI SEO Tools for Competitor Citation and Content Analysis. The authoritative research date is 2026-09-19.

Platforms named Profound during ranking discovery: anthropic, deepseek, google, grok, openai, perplexity. Kimi did not name Profound in ranking discovery and reported that it could not verify Profound's features, pricing, or capabilities from retrieved sources [95].

Fit ratings by platform: anthropic good, deepseek good, google good, grok strong, kimi uncertain, openai good, perplexity good.

All platform responses are platform-reported and were not independently verified by the writer stage. Citations are platform-reported evidence, not independently verified facts. Company-owned sources are labeled as owned; independent sources are labeled as independent.

Methodology Limitations

Several limitations apply.

Platform-reported research dates differ from the run date. Deepseek reported a research date of 2026-01-15, while the authoritative run date is 2026-09-19. Platform-reported dates are provenance metadata and do not independently prove freshness.

Official-site retrieval failed. The deterministic identity audit recorded that official-site retrieval failed, that conflicting official domains forced an unresolved identity, and that the reported domain was retained for downstream research but remains unverified. One platform reported that [96] redirected to a parked-domain page while pricing is hosted at tryprofound.com [97].

Pricing conflicts were not resolved. The current official pricing page and independent 2026 reports describe different plan structures. This review preserves the conflict rather than resolving it.

No independent accuracy audit was located. No independent, peer-reviewed, or third-party audit of Profound's citation accuracy or content-gap recommendations was found [98].

Supplied URLs were not independently validated. The source URLs were collected from platform responses and were not independently validated by the writer stage.

Platform agreement does not prove product quality. Six platforms naming Profound reflects discovery and fit assessment, not verified performance.

One platform used no search. Deepseek's research ran with search disabled, so its findings are model-reported rather than retrieval-backed.

Sources

Company-Owned Sources

  • Citany — AI Brand Visibility Monitor Across 8 AI Engines: https://citany.com/
  • Competition Tracking - CiteMetrix: https://citemetrix.com/docs/competition-tracking/
  • Citingly — AI Brand Intelligence Platform: https://citingly.com/
  • Every Tool You Need to Get Cited by AI Engines: https://gracker.ai/features/
  • Profound — Answer Engine Optimization platform: https://profound.ai/
  • Competitor Intelligence — Why Rivals Get Cited | Viali: https://viali.ai/product/competitive-intelligence/
  • Competitor AI SEO Analysis & Brand AI Tracking | Wranker: https://wranker.com/features/brand-competitor-ai-tracking/
  • See who AI recommends instead of you: https://www.citeme.io/features/competitive-monitoring
  • Writesonic Review: What its AI Visibility Suite gets right (+ wrong: https://www.tryprofound.com/blog/writesonic-review-what-its-ai-visibility-suite-gets-wrong
  • AI Citation Analysis Tool for AEO | Profound: https://www.tryprofound.com/features/answer-engine-insights/citations
  • AI Search Competitive Benchmarking Tool | Profound: https://www.tryprofound.com/features/answer-engine-insights/competitors
  • Additional AI research evidence98 records
    1. AI research evidence record anthropic:2-1
    2. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-14
    3. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    4. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-2
    5. AI research evidence record openai:c2
    6. AI research evidence record kimi:unclear-profound-1
    7. AI research evidence record kimi:unclear-profound-1
    8. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    9. AI research evidence record perplexity:c3
    10. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    11. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-2
    12. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-3
    13. AI research evidence record anthropic:7-1
    14. AI research evidence record anthropic:2-5
    15. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-2
    16. AI research evidence record anthropic:15-1
    17. AI research evidence record perplexity:c1
    18. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-13
    19. AI research evidence record anthropic:8-1
    20. AI research evidence record anthropic:7-1
    21. AI research evidence record anthropic:7-2
    22. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-14
    23. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-15
    24. AI research evidence record anthropic:3-1
    25. AI research evidence record anthropic:4-3
    26. AI research evidence record deepseek:c4
    27. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    28. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-2
    29. AI research evidence record anthropic:15-1
    30. AI research evidence record perplexity:c3
    31. AI research evidence record grok:4
    32. AI research evidence record openai:c2
    33. AI research evidence record openai:c3
    34. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    35. AI research evidence record anthropic:23-5
    36. AI research evidence record anthropic:15-14
    37. AI research evidence record grok:6
    38. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-14
    39. AI research evidence record anthropic:6-6
    40. AI research evidence record anthropic:26-4
    41. AI research evidence record kimi:unclear-profound-1
    42. AI research evidence record deepseek:c1
    43. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-2
    44. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-3
    45. AI research evidence record anthropic:2-1
    46. AI research evidence record anthropic:2-3
    47. AI research evidence record anthropic:7-1
    48. AI research evidence record anthropic:7-2
    49. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    50. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-14
    51. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-15
    52. AI research evidence record anthropic:9-9
    53. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    54. AI research evidence record anthropic:15-14
    55. AI research evidence record anthropic:23-5
    56. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-14
    57. AI research evidence record grok:4
    58. AI research evidence record anthropic:13-11
    59. AI research evidence record anthropic:26-4
    60. AI research evidence record anthropic:26-5
    61. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    62. AI research evidence record anthropic:18-1
    63. AI research evidence record grok:4
    64. AI research evidence record google:1.3.1
    65. AI research evidence record google:1.3.3
    66. AI research evidence record deepseek:c1
    67. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    68. AI research evidence record deepseek:c1
    69. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    70. AI research evidence record anthropic:41-4
    71. AI research evidence record anthropic:4-3
    72. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    73. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    74. AI research evidence record openai:c2
    75. AI research evidence record anthropic:6-6
    76. AI research evidence record anthropic:26-4
    77. AI research evidence record anthropic:15-14
    78. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    79. AI research evidence record deepseek:c1
    80. AI research evidence record deepseek:c4
    81. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    82. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    83. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-15
    84. AI research evidence record anthropic:26-4
    85. AI research evidence record anthropic:2-1
    86. AI research evidence record anthropic:7-1
    87. AI research evidence record anthropic:1-14
    88. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    89. AI research evidence record anthropic:8-1
    90. AI research evidence record anthropic:4-3
    91. AI research evidence record openai:c2
    92. AI research evidence record anthropic:10-5
    93. AI research evidence record anthropic:15-14
    94. AI research evidence record deepseek:c4
    95. AI research evidence record kimi:unclear-profound-1
    96. AI research evidence record deepseek:c1
    97. AI research evidence record openai:c1
    98. AI research evidence record deepseek:c4

Independent Sources

Verify this research

Review the study details behind this page or download the public machine-readable verification record.

Study date
September 19, 2026
Platforms analyzed
7
Source records
50
Ranking mentions
6 of 7
Platform share
86%
Final consensus rank
#1

Research trail and source mix

Configured platforms

openai, anthropic, deepseek, grok, perplexity, kimi, google

Source mix

37 independent · 13 company-owned

Evidence support

43 direct · 5 partial

Important limitation

Use the run research_date as the study date. Platform-reported dates are provenance metadata and do not independently prove freshness.

Source snapshot SHA-256 8f9e5648cd9c87fc8a9bb494187967a3bac55229dfd111e713f33b4a23c574a6